Stavropol region. A historical-geographical part about Russian Federation located in the main region away from Subcaucasia, within Kuban Lake (and you will Kuban part) to your west, new Terek part into the the southern area of, the newest Wear part into north, the newest Kalmyk Autonomous Republic into the northeast, and countries of your Caucasian hill peoples towards the south and you will southwestern. The Stavropol region basically matches when you look at the region to your former Stavropol gubernia (in its 18611920 border, 59,five hundred sq . km) therefore the afterwards Stavropol krai, less the fresh Karachai-Cherkess Independent oblast (66,five-hundred sq . kilometer).
Physical geography. The top part of the Stavropol area try filled by the Stavropol Upland; new small portion provides parts of the brand new Caspian Lowland regarding east, the fresh new Kuma-Manych Depression regarding north, as well as the foothills of your own Caucasus Hills throughout the southwestern. The weather of one’s Stavropol area is actually transformation, from moderate continental throughout the west so you’re able to drier and more continental in the eastern. The higher of these are the Yegorlyk (and this flows towards the Manych), the fresh new Kalaus, the new Kuma, additionally the Kuban and its own higher tributaries, the brand new Velykyi Zelenchuk while the Malyi Zelenchuk (come across Zelenchuk streams). River water is utilized to have irrigation. Quick, mostly saline ponds are plentiful; the biggest ‘s the slim but 160-km-long River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
However the located Stavropol part stayed sparsely populated of the nomadic Nogay Tatars (a good Turkic-speaking some body) and you may Kalmyk anybody (an excellent Mongol-speaking group), just who together numbered throughout the 80,000
New soils regarding the west and you may central an element of the Stavropol part are some chernozems and you will chestnut earth; on east and you will northeast it getting white chestnut. The fresh new sheer herbs plus change eastward that have declining dampness, of meadow fescuefeather grass steppe to dead fescuefeather turf steppe and then semidesert flowers out-of wormwood, dead fescue, and you can feather yard. In the alot more humid the main Stavropol Upland plus in the brand new Caucasus hills brand new natural flowers is actually forest-steppe that have oak-hornbeam-beech woods. Now both steppe together with tree-steppe are almost entirely cleaned getting agriculture.
Background. In the middle-16th century this new Caucasus and also the Stavropol area started initially to been on the contact with Muscovite colonization. Regarding 16th and you may 17th years Subcaucasia experienced the fresh new roots from Cossack colonization (brand new Don Cossacks from the west and also the Terek Cossacks within the the latest eastern). Caucasian hill individuals, the new Karachai as well as the Cherkess, stayed in the fresh hills of your own area.
At the beginning of the latest 18th century the Stavropol part nominally turned part of the Russian Empire. Long lasting settlements, although not, weren’t founded until the history one-fourth of your century, whenever, in https://kissbridesdate.com/fr/femmes-chaudes-argentines/ 177780, the newest Russian authorities founded a line of forts, the brand new Mozdok-Azov line, with headquarters at the Stavropol, so you can secure the Caucasian hill individuals. Because of the 1785 the latest Stavropol region designed part of Caucasus oblast, that was redesignated an excellent gubernia for the 1802. Following the several name transform it was appointed once the Stavropol gubernia when you look at the 1847. Their limitations have been eventually repaired during the 1861, whether or not it try broke up out of Terek oblast. In contrast to Kuban oblast and Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (due to the fact 1898) wasn’t element of Caucasus krai.
Before 1930s the brand new Stavropol part was compensated by both Ukrainians and you may Russians, and constituted part of contiguous, albeit mixed, Ukrainian ethnographic territory
The latest Russian bodies promoted brand new quick colonization of your own Stavropol region in order to present a bottom getting armed forces methods about Caucasus. Section of one point was achieved by the granting preference tracts regarding house in order to Russian noblemen, just who compensated them with their serfs. A very extreme factor in colonization, but not, is actually the new natural settlement by the state peasants who were unimpeded from the the fresh central government. In fact the purple regulators legalized extant claims on the ukase away from 1804 and given help to the people that has paid inside the the brand new Stavropol area. By the end of your own 1850s the population of Stavropol gubernia had increased to 340,000 (5.5 people for each and every sq km). Its just area, Stavropol, increased from around 3,000 customers for the 1800 to 17,600 customers inside 1853. The quintessential densely paid components was indeed new steppes amongst the Yegorlyk plus the Kalaus streams and Kalaus River area. The populace regarding Stavropol gubernia (and additionally Terek oblast) in the 1853 contains 48.seven % Cossacks, 32 per cent county peasants, sixteen.dos % nomadic herders, and you may 3.1 percent serfs and others.